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购物购物

购物

可持续性与生态系统平衡

每年的海豹猎捕有助于保护海洋生物多样性。

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可持续性与生态系统平衡

加拿大的鱼类资源正在下降,因此我们具有商业重要性的渔业面临压力。失去这些重要的海洋资源不仅仅影响我们的沿海社区,也影响到每个加拿大人。

 

海豹吃很多鱼——每年大约 3000 万吨。这比我们整个大西洋捕鱼船队的捕捞量多 53 倍.Several studies have indicated the amount of fish eaten by harp seals. A study of harp seals by Polar Research estimated 7.4 kg/day for adult males and 9 kg/day for adult females, with females consuming more to support pregnancy and lactation: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3402/polar.v10i2.6771. Assuming the population is half male and half female, that means an average seal eats 2.99 tons/year. In 2019, the grand total of the Atlantic Coast commercial landings were 560,484 metric tonnes. https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/stats/commercial/land-debarq/sea-maritimes/s2019aq-eng.htm Canada’s total seal population is estimated at more than 10 million. Ringed seal populations is estimated at 2.3 million: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/species-risk-public-registry/cosewic-assessments-status-reports/ringed-seal-2019.html Together with Harp Seal (7.6 million) and grey seals (505,000), this represents over 10M population for these 3 species. This means that the total Canadian seal population eats roughly 30 million tons of fish each year. That’s 53x more fish than the entire Canadian Atlantic fishing fleet catches! Facts: Ringed seal populations is estimated at 2.3 million: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/species-risk-public-registry/cosewic-assessments-status-reports/ringed-seal-2019.html Together with Harp Seal (7.6 million) and grey seals (505,000), this represents over 10M population for these 3 species. Calculation: (7.4+9)/2 = average of 8.2KG per seal. 8.2*365 days per year = 2,993KG. 2,993KG x 10 million seals = 29,930,000,000. 29,930,000,000 (total KG of fish eaten by seals)/ 560,000,000 (harvested by the Atlantic fishing fleet) = 53 times.与此同时,海豹数量处于有记录以来的最高水平。控制海豹种群是我们可以帮助鱼类种群反弹的方法之一。反过来,也会支持我们的渔业和海洋经济,它们每年创造 350,000 个工作岗位并带来超过 $310亿的收入.Government of Canada. Blue Economy Strategy. 2021 https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/campaign-campagne/bes-seb/index-eng.html 

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庞大的数量

在加拿大发现的海豹种群最新估计:

2020年总容许捕捞量

竖琴海豹:40万只Total Allowable Catch (TAC) numbers are set by Fisheries and Oceans Canada and announced every March, prior to the opening of the season. Harp seal Total Allowable Capture: Current Status of Northwest Atlantic Harp Seals. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.10, 2012. https://polarbearscience.files.wordpress.com/2020/05/2019-harp-seal-status_dfo-2020_march-020-eng.pdf 

灰海豹:77,300只Stock assessment of Northwest Atlantic grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in Canada in 2021. https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/Publications/SAR-AS/2022/2022_018-eng.html

竖琴海豹的允许捕捞总量

在加拿大水域发现的最著名的海豹物种之一是竖琴海豹,自 1994 年以来,其数量增长了近 60%,达到 760 万。2020 年,加拿大政府对竖琴的总允许捕捞量限制仅为其 5%的总数量。而近年来,总捕捞量仅达到配额的 10%——仅占年度配额的一小部分。

历史新高

海豹数量达到历史新高!在全球发现的 33 种海豹中,有 6 种可以在加拿大找到,其中没有一种濒临灭绝.13 事实上,加拿大的海豹总数量估计超过一千万,这是渔业和海洋部有史以来观察到的最多的数量.14

要闻速览

近年来,科学家确定的和加拿大政府规定的总允许渔获量没有达到,主要原因是海豹产品的当地和国际市场的减少。

一千万只

加拿大大西洋沿岸的竖琴海豹、灰海豹和环斑海豹的估计数量。

 

460,000

竖琴海豹和灰海豹在2020年总允许捕获量。

 

< 10%

2019年捕获的46万只海豹配额所占百分比。 In 2019 a total of 32,199 harps seals and 1,232 Grey seals were harvested.  Fisheries and Oceans Canada Report.  

过剩的海豹数量

 

据估计,竖琴海豹的数量超过740万只。

参议院渔业和海洋常设委员会估计,成年海豹平均每年吃掉1.5-2吨鱼 。 The Sustainable Management of Grey Seal Populations: A Path Toward the Recovery if Cod and Other Groundfish Stocks, Report of the Standing Senate Committee on Fisheries and Oceans, Oct. 2012 http://www.parl.gc.ca/Content/SEN/Committee/411/pofo/rep/rep07oct12-e.pdf

这相当于海豹每年消耗数百万吨的鱼类和海鲜。

 

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在不同的假设模型,以及每年捕获325,000只的情况下,西北大西洋竖琴海豹种群的变化和预测的变化。虚线是指数增长模型的95%置信区间。

对渔业的好处

加拿大海豹种群吃的鱼比整个大西洋加拿大捕捞船队的年海鲜产量多 53 倍以上.Several studies have indicated the amount of fish eaten by harp seals. A study of harp seals by Polar Research estimated 7.4 kg/day for adult males and 9 kg/day for adult females, with females consuming more to support pregnancy and lactation. Assuming the population is half male and half female, that means an average seal eats 2.99 tons/year. LINKFacts: Ringed seal populations is estimated at 2.3 million. Ringed Seal (Pusa hispida): COSEWIC assessment and status report 2019. LINK Together with Harp Seal (7.6 million) LINK and grey seals (424,300) LINK, this represents over 10M population for these 3 species. Calculation: (7.4+9)/2 = average of 8.2KG per seal. 8.2*365 days per year = 2,993KG. 2,993KG x 10 million seals = 29,930,000,000. 29,930,000,000 (total KG of fish eaten by seals)/ 560,000,000 (harvested by the Atlantic fishing fleet) = 53 times.

仅 2019 年的狩猎就为我们的渔业节省了 2.5 亿加元的鱼类资源,否则这些资源将被海豹消耗。.Approximately 32,000 harp seals were harvest in 2019. It is estimated that seals eat over 1.5 tons of fish per year. The value per tons of fish was at $5,200 in 2018. Source: 32,000 seals x 1.5 tons x $5,200 = $CAD 250 MILLION.

如果收获全部配额,该价值将为 31.2 亿加元.The annual quota is 400,0000 for harp seals. It is estimated that seals eat over 1.5 tons of fish per year. The value per tons of fish was at $5,200 in 2018. Source 400,000 seals x 1.5 tons x $5,200 = $CAD 3.12 BILLION.

根据使用传统方法的几项研究的数据,加拿大海豹每年大约吃掉 3000 万吨鱼。这比整个加拿大大西洋捕鱼船队捕获的鱼多 53 倍。

Smarter 海鲜认证

竖琴海豹和灰海豹是“聪明的海产品”生态指南评选的40种海洋物种清单的一部分,该指南旨在促进圣劳伦斯的可持续发展。

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海豹统计数量

  • 加拿大的海豹中没有一种濒临灭绝。
  • 海豹种群已增长到渔业和海洋部 (DFO) 观察到的历史新高。
  • DFO 估计纽芬兰和拉布拉多的竖琴海豹数量已从 4,800,000 只增长到 7,600,000 只,增幅接近 60%。
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我们将加拿大海豹行业的猎人、加工商、制造商、零售商和加拿大原住民团结在一起,以推广和营销高质量和可持续的加拿大海豹产品。您可以在我们的宣传册中了解更多关于我们的使命和行业的信息。

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文化与生活

海豹捕猎是加拿大全国成千上万农村居民的一项重要的生计活动。在经济上和文化上,扶持北方,和沿海居民。

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人性化与专业化

加拿大世界领先的动物福利标准、行为守则、捕猎培训和许可证发放计划确保了海豹的人道捕获和最高质量的海豹产品。

 

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许多国家和国际保护组织都表示支持加拿大海豹捕获。

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References